The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ended the individual mandate starting in 2019. So for 2018, you’ll be penalized unless you have minimum essential health coverage or qualify for an exemption from coverage. You can find a list of exemptions in the instructions to Form 8965 (https://www.irs.gov/pub/irs-pdf/i8965.pdf).
Rules limiting loss deductions to cash investments and personal liability notes. An exception for real estate treats certain nonrecourse commercial loans as amounts “at risk.”