Income averaging for all taxpayers was a way to effectively lower the tax rate on this year’s income by spreading it over a number of prior (lower-income) years to find an average tax rate for it. The general 4-year income averaging rule expired in 1986. Currently, income averaging can only be used by farmers and fishermen for their business income and, in some cases, for lump-sum retirement plan distributions.
Gifts in excess of an $12,000-per-donee annual exclusion are subject to gift tax, but the tax may be offset by a gift tax credit.